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CVE-2026-33496

Ory Oathkeeper has an authentication bypass by cache key confusion

HIGH
8.1
CVSS Score
Published: March 26, 2026 at 05:29 PM UTC
Updated: June 17, 2026 at 10:37 AM UTC
1 product affected across 1 vendorOathkeeper

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Severity
HIGH8.1
Exploit prediction
EPSS 0.4%
SSVC
No known exploit

Description

ORY Oathkeeper is an Identity & Access Proxy (IAP) and Access Control Decision API that authorizes HTTP requests based on sets of Access Rules. Versions prior to 26.2.0 are vulnerable to authentication bypass due to cache key confusion. The `oauth2_introspection` authenticator cache does not distinguish tokens that were validated with different introspection URLs. An attacker can therefore legitimately use a token to prime the cache, and subsequently use the same token for rules that use a different introspection server. Ory Oathkeeper has to be configured with multiple `oauth2_introspection` authenticator servers, each accepting different tokens. The authenticators also must be configured to use caching. An attacker has to have a way to gain a valid token for one of the configured introspection servers. Starting in version 26.2.0, Ory Oathkeeper includes the introspection server URL in the cache key, preventing confusion of tokens. Update to the patched version of Ory Oathkeeper. If that is not immediately possible, disable caching for `oauth2_introspection` authenticators.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

Oathkeeper· Ory
95%
v < 26.2.0
Affected range stops below 26.2.0, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement

Remediation

No guide yet

No remediation guidance has been written for this CVE yet. What the record does show:

Patch and advisory references

References (2)

x_refsource_CONFIRMMitigationVendor Advisory
Source: cverecord
https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/security/advisories/GHSA-4mq7-pvjg-xp2r
x_refsource_MISCPatch
Source: cverecord
https://github.com/ory/oathkeeper/commit/198a2bc82a99e0a77bd0ffe290cbdd5285a1b17c

SSVC — Action Prioritization

SSVCNo known exploitNot automatablePartial impact

SSVC signals action urgency (what to patch first), separate from CVSS which measures severity.

CVSS

8.1HIGHGitHub_M
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
NONE
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusANALYZED
CWE
CWE-1289CWE-305

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