CVE-2025-46560

vLLM phi4mm: Quadratic Time Complexity in Input Token Processing​ leads to denial of service

HIGH
7.5
CVSS Score
Published: April 30, 2025 at 12:24 AM UTC
Updated: June 17, 2026 at 09:26 AM UTC
1 product affected across 1 vendorvLLM

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Severity
HIGH7.5
Exploit prediction
EPSS 0.5%
SSVC
PoC

Description

vLLM is a high-throughput and memory-efficient inference and serving engine for LLMs. Versions starting from 0.8.0 and prior to 0.8.5 are affected by a critical performance vulnerability in the input preprocessing logic of the multimodal tokenizer. The code dynamically replaces placeholder tokens (e.g., <|audio_|>, <|image_|>) with repeated tokens based on precomputed lengths. Due to ​​inefficient list concatenation operations​​, the algorithm exhibits ​​quadratic time complexity (O(n²))​​, allowing malicious actors to trigger resource exhaustion via specially crafted inputs. This issue has been patched in version 0.8.5.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

v < 0.8.50.8.0 ≤ v < 0.8.5
Affected range stops below 0.8.5, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement

Remediation

No guide yet

No remediation guidance has been written for this CVE yet. What the record does show:

SSVC — Action Prioritization

SSVCPoCNot automatablePartial impact

SSVC signals action urgency (what to patch first), separate from CVSS which measures severity.

CVSS

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
NONE
Integrity
NONE
Availability
HIGH
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusANALYZED
CWE
CWE-1333

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