CVE-2022-4450

Double free after calling PEM_read_bio_ex

HIGH
7.5
CVSS Score
Published: February 8, 2023 at 07:04 PM UTC
Updated: October 14, 2026 at 03:17 PM UTC
2 products affected across 2 vendorsOpenSSLNetwork Security

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Severity
HIGH7.5
Exploit prediction
EPSS 29%
SSVC
No known exploit

Description

The function PEM_read_bio_ex() reads a PEM file from a BIO and parses and decodes the "name" (e.g. "CERTIFICATE"), any header data and the payload data. If the function succeeds then the "name_out", "header" and "data" arguments are populated with pointers to buffers containing the relevant decoded data. The caller is responsible for freeing those buffers. It is possible to construct a PEM file that results in 0 bytes of payload data. In this case PEM_read_bio_ex() will return a failure code but will populate the header argument with a pointer to a buffer that has already been freed. If the caller also frees this buffer then a double free will occur. This will most likely lead to a crash. This could be exploited by an attacker who has the ability to supply malicious PEM files for parsing to achieve a denial of service attack. The functions PEM_read_bio() and PEM_read() are simple wrappers around PEM_read_bio_ex() and therefore these functions are also directly affected. These functions are also called indirectly by a number of other OpenSSL functions including PEM_X509_INFO_read_bio_ex() and SSL_CTX_use_serverinfo_file() which are also vulnerable. Some OpenSSL internal uses of these functions are not vulnerable because the caller does not free the header argument if PEM_read_bio_ex() returns a failure code. These locations include the PEM_read_bio_TYPE() functions as well as the decoders introduced in OpenSSL 3.0. The OpenSSL asn1parse command line application is also impacted by this issue.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

1.1.1 ≤ v < 1.1.1t3.0.0 ≤ v < 3.0.81.1.13.0.0
Affected range stops below 1.1.1t, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
Affected range stops below 3.0.8, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
4.0.0 ≤ v < 4.3.164.4.0 ≤ v < 4.6.3
Affected range stops below 4.3.16, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
Affected range stops below 4.6.3, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement

SSVC — Action Prioritization

SSVCNo known exploitAutomatablePartial impact

SSVC signals action urgency (what to patch first), separate from CVSS which measures severity.

CVSS

7.5HIGHCISA-ADP
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
NONE
Integrity
NONE
Availability
HIGH
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusMODIFIED
CWE
CWE-415

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