CVE-2021-28663

HIGH
8.8
CVSS Score
Published: May 10, 2021 at 12:00 AM UTC
Updated: June 17, 2026 at 03:46 AM UTC
3 products affected across 1 vendorValhall GPU Kernel DriverBifrost GPU Kernel DriverMidgard GPU Kernel Driver

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Severity
HIGH8.8
Exploitation
CISA KEV
Exploit prediction
EPSS 12%
SSVC
Active

Actively Exploited

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog

EPSS Score12.1%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) estimates a 12.1% chance this CVE is exploited in the wild within the next 30 days — higher than 96% of all CVEs. It complements CVSS: a high EPSS on a mid-severity CVE can still be urgent.

Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) kernel driver contains a use-after-free vulnerability that may allow a non-privileged user to make improper operations on GPU memory to gain root privilege, and/or disclose information.

Required Action
Apply updates per vendor instructions.
Ransomware Use
Unknown
Added to KEV
Nov 3, 2021
Remediation Due
Nov 17, 2021
1808 days overdue

Description

The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or information disclosure because GPU memory operations are mishandled, leading to a use-after-free. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r4p0 through r30p0.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

v ≤ r28p0r0p0 ≤ v < r29p0
Affected range stops below r29p0, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
v ≤ r30p0r4p0 ≤ v < r31p0
Affected range stops below r31p0, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
v ≤ r28p0r19p0 ≤ v < r29p0
Affected range stops below r29p0, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement

Remediation

No guide yet

No remediation guidance has been written for this CVE yet. What the record does show:

SSVC — Action Prioritization

SSVCActiveNot automatableTotal impact

SSVC signals action urgency (what to patch first), separate from CVSS which measures severity.

CVSS

8.8HIGHCISA-ADP
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
LOW
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
HIGH
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusANALYZED
CWE
CWE-416

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