CVE-2021-25641

Dubbo Zookeeper does not check serialization id

CRITICAL
9.8
CVSS Score
Published: May 29, 2021 at 07:30 AM UTC
Updated: June 17, 2026 at 03:42 AM UTC
1 product affected across 1 vendorDubbo

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Severity
CRITICAL9.8
Exploit prediction
EPSS 21%

Description

Each Apache Dubbo server will set a serialization id to tell the clients which serialization protocol it is working on. But for Dubbo versions before 2.7.8 or 2.6.9, an attacker can choose which serialization id the Provider will use by tampering with the byte preamble flags, aka, not following the server's instruction. This means that if a weak deserializer such as the Kryo and FST are somehow in code scope (e.g. if Kryo is somehow a part of a dependency), a remote unauthenticated attacker can tell the Provider to use the weak deserializer, and then proceed to exploit it.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

2.5.0 ≤ v < 2.6.92.7.0 ≤ v < 2.7.8Apache Dubbo 2.6.x ≤ v < 2.6.9Apache Dubbo 2.7.x ≤ v < 2.7.82.6.x2.7.x
Affected range stops below 2.6.9, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement
Affected range stops below 2.7.8, so it looks safe — our inference, not a vendor statement

Remediation

No guide yet

No remediation guidance has been written for this CVE yet. What the record does show:

CVSS

Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
LOW
Privileges
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
HIGH
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusMODIFIED
CWE
CWE-502

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