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CVE-2016-3081

HIGH
8.1
CVSS Score
Published: April 26, 2016 at 02:00 PM UTC
Updated: October 9, 2026 at 02:43 PM UTC
20 products affected across 3 vendorsStrutsFlexcube Private BankingOceanstor 5600 V3 Firmware· also runs on 14 platforms

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Severity
HIGH8.1
Exploitation
CISA KEV
Exploit prediction
EPSS 97%
SSVC
Active

Actively Exploited

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog

EPSS Score96.5%

EPSS (Exploit Prediction Scoring System) estimates a 96.5% chance this CVE is exploited in the wild within the next 30 days — higher than 100% of all CVEs. It complements CVSS: a high EPSS on a mid-severity CVE can still be urgent.

Apache Struts contains a command injection vulnerability that could allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method:prefix when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled.

Required Action
Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.
Ransomware Use
Unknown
Added to KEV
Oct 8, 2026
Remediation Due
Oct 11, 2026
16 days overdue
Notes
This vulnerability could affect an open-source component, third-party library, protocol, or proprietary implementation that could be used by different products. For more information, please see: https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-032
BOD 26-04: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk
Forensics Triage Requirements: https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-26-04-implementation-guidance-prioritizing-security-updates-based-risk
https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-3081

Description

Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method: prefix, related to chained expressions.

Affected

Our own answer: ranges merged, affected separated from platform-only, with confidence and review flags.

Struts· Apachemaven
95%
2.3.20 ≤ v < 2.3.20.32.3.21 ≤ v < 2.3.24.32.3.25 ≤ v < 2.3.28.1*
Agile Controller Campus Firmware· Huawei
95%
v100r002c00
huawei-agile-controller-campus (same device)
AnyOffice· Huawei
95%
v200r005c00v200r006c00
Firehunter6000 Firmware· Huawei
95%
v100r001c20
huawei-firehunter6000 (same device)
Logcenter· Huawei
95%
v100r001c10v100r001c20
Oceanstor 18500 V3 Firmware· Huawei
95%
v300r001v300r002v300r003c00v300r003c10
huawei-oceanstor-18500-v3 (same device)
Oceanstor 18500F Firmware· Huawei
95%
v300r001v300r002v300r003c00v300r003c10
huawei-oceanstor-18500f (same device)
Oceanstor 18800 V3 Firmware· Huawei
95%
v300r001v300r002v300r003c00v300r003c10
huawei-oceanstor-18800-v3 (same device)
Oceanstor 18800F Firmware· Huawei
95%
v300r001v300r002v300r003c00v300r003c10
huawei-oceanstor-18800f (same device)
Oceanstor 5300 V3 Firmware· Huawei
95%
v300r001v300r002v300r003c00v300r003c10
huawei-oceanstor-5300-v3 (same device)

Runs on — not affected

The affected product only carries this flaw when running on these platforms. The platforms themselves are not vulnerable.

Remediation

No guide yet

No remediation guidance has been written for this CVE yet. What the record does show:

Patch and advisory references

References (12)

x_refsource_MISCExploitThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/136856/Apache-Struts-2.3.28-Dynamic-Method-Invocation-Remote-Code-Execution.html
x_refsource_CONFIRMThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20160527-01-struts2-en
x_refsource_CONFIRMPatchThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2016-2881720.html
x_refsource_CONFIRMVendor AdvisoryThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
x_refsource_MISCThird Party AdvisoryBroken Link
Source: [email protected]
http://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/linux/http/struts_dmi_exec
x_refsource_MISCThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_exec
VDB Entryx_refsource_BIDThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/87327
VDB Entryx_refsource_BIDThird Party Advisory
Source: [email protected]
http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/91787

SSVC — Action Prioritization

SSVCActiveNot automatableTotal impact

SSVC signals action urgency (what to patch first), separate from CVSS which measures severity.

CVSS

8.1HIGHCISA-ADP
Attack Vector
NETWORK
Complexity
HIGH
Privileges
NONE
User Interaction
NONE
Scope
UNCHANGED
Confidentiality
HIGH
Integrity
HIGH
Availability
HIGH
Vector?

Quick Info

StatusANALYZED
CWE
CWE-77

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